Despite a drastic economic downturn, it seems that mutual funds are still as popular as ever, with many people buying in through their retirement accounts or getting in at low prices. Mutual funds make investing fairly easy, compared to stocks. But one reason people lost money in mutual funds is that they didn’t know the mutual fund basics they needed to keep money safe. Although mutual funds are often touted as being easy to invest in and virtually no-lose investments, we know that’s not true, and learning more can help you avoid the losses we saw in the past year.

With more than 10,000 different funds available on the market, it can be tough to determine which are the right buys for you. It is possible to choose a top mutual fund which fits your overall strategy, and knowing the basics is part of knowing which ones are right for you.

Given that mutual funds have provided good returns in the past, no wonder they’ve become so popular. Until late 2008 and into 2009, investors expected these funds to supply diversification in one’s portfolio, and to be fairly safe and post solid profits. It’s true that they offer an easy way to diversify, and risk levels as a result may have been somewhat less than for individual stocks.

As a mutual fund is set up, the fund raises investment cash from investors, then uses that money to invest in stocks, bonds, and other securities that are a proper fit for the objective of the fund. Within the fund there is nearly always than a single individual investment. When the value of those investments goes up, or goes down for that matter, its investors also see a gain or a loss. When a fund pays out a dividend to shareholders, the investors get their fair share too. In addition, you can find that funds are well managed by professional advisors.

Mutual funds are designed as special types of corporations, which are allowed by charter to combine funds receied form investors, and invest that pool os cash for the whole group, based on the defined objectives of the fund. To raise investment capital there is an offering of shares of the fund to be sold to the general public, just as any public company wolud seek to sell stock on the market. Then the funds take the proceeds from selling shares and use it to purchase a variety of investments, such as stocks, bonds, derivatives, or money market instruments.

Shareholders investing in shares of the fund receive a proportional share position in the mutual fund. Literally the shareholders each have ownership of a piece of the securities within the fund. Generally speaking, shareholders are permitted to freely sell any fund shares they own at any time, with the price to be determined by the daily price fluctuations in the share price, based on the performance of the investments.

Some investors decide which mutual fund to choose based only on the performance of the fund or fund family within the past year or so. Some get their ideas from tips from a friend, co-worker or family member. Or, some buyers could be influenced by something they read in a magazine or on the Web. While these methods might result in buying a good fund, they are far from a sure thing. Actually, this is also a risky way to choose an investment, of any kind. Without any analysis of the fund’s characteristics, it’s hard to know if the fund is a good buy for that particular investor.

There are several criteria by which to judge a mutual fund. Such things as the fund’s performance over time, who is managing the fund, the fund’s overall investment objectives are, and so on. As you decide on a mutual fund, you should take into consideration your personal financial plan a well, and determine if the fund is a fit with your objectives. Begin with defining your specific financial goals first, addressing your future financial priorities, the resources you can invest, and what level of risk you are willing to adopt. Add the time line over which you want your strategy to mature.

Everyone likes to talk about the super star funds, the high fliers that had double digit annual returns, to which everyone flocked with their cash. Today, we are a bit more realistic, and know that what comes up, can easily come down again. So, hopefully, you’ve learned that the performance of a fund is not the most important metric. Instead, examine the returns in the perspective of the underlying investments, and whether they are good long term investments. Don’t forget that past performance is never any guarantee of future results. Start out by looking at other mutual funds on the market which are in categories that match your overall strategy, whether it be bond funds, growth funds, equity income funds, etc.

By learning more about mutual fund basics like there, you are helping to minimize your loss in the market, by knowing more about what exactly you’re holding. Use these ideas to analyze which investments, if any, will lay the strongest part of your investment foundation.